A lot of things need to go right on a molecular level for immune cells to launch an adaptive response to an infection. B ...

An azuki bean beetle on an azuki bean. The white spots on either side of the bean are beetle eggs. Fukuoka, Japan—Researchers at Kyushu University have found that when azuki bean beetles infected with ...

Once the adaptive response takes care of the threat, the innate response is called back in to clean up the mess, disposing of dead cells in damaged tissues, and ultimately signaling an end to the ...

A lot of things need to go right on a molecular level for immune cells to launch an adaptive response to an infection.

The concept of trained immunity has redefined innate immune responses as adaptable, durable, and context dependent. Natural killer (NK) cells, traditionally ...

An encounter with a speeding car, a walk across an icy road, or exposure to germs: daily life comes with experiences that can potentially harm a person. Anticipating such threats and preparing for ...

Chronic viral infections like HIV and HBV pose significant threats to human health, leading to substantial mortality and ongoing new infections each year.

Two health care workers get COVID-19 vaccinations on the same day. Both show strong antibody responses initially, but six months later one stays healthy while the other contracts the virus. A new ...

The experimental SchistoShield vaccine triggered strong B-cell and T-cell immune memory in early U.S. and African clinical trials.