Building on last month’s discussion of resistor noise, let’s check out some basics of amplifier noise. The non-inverting op amp configuration is most common for low noise applications so we’ll make ...

While this op amp may actually have some utility, it is intended mainly as an educational exercise. I guarantee that if you build and experiment with this circuit, you will learn and appreciate what ...

In the last Circuit VR we looked at some basic op amp circuits in a simulator, including the non-inverting amplifier. Sometimes you want an amplifier that inverts the signal. That is a 5V input ...

My hands-on introduction to operational amplifiers was in 1969 while in the army as a junior scientist in the Atmospheric Science Laboratory at the White Sands Proving Grounds. We had taken a ...

Circuit simulations are great because you can experiment with circuits and make changes with almost no effort. In Circuit VR, we look at circuits using a simulator to do experiments without having to ...

The source that drives high-resolution analog-to-digital converters (ADCs) sees a high-frequency ac load and a dc load of a few hundred ohms or more. Thus, a high-performance op amp with high input ...

The ordinary modern IC op amp is fully applicable to most standard amplifier configurations. Error sources are small and may be of no concern, or one can easily ...

Industrial and medical design continually push to improve product accuracy and speed. The analogue integrated circuit industry has generally keptup with speed requirements, but it is falling behind on ...